A study of John 13:28-38 reveals the glory of God, a new commandment given by Jesus, and the good intentions of Peter.
A Study of John 13:31-38 reveals the glory of God.
Now is the Son of Man glorified, and God is glorified in him. If God is glorified in him, God will also glorify him in himself, and glorify him at once. (ESV, John 13:31-32)
After Judas leaves the Passover meal, Jesus addresses the other disciples. And starting in V.31, he begins the first part of his Farewell Discourse that extends to 14:31. It unfolds what is about to happen regarding his betrayal, arrest, trial, crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension. In other words, he prepares his disciples for what is ahead. Life without him.
The Glory of God
There’s a lot of glorifying going on in one sentence. As both fully human and fully God, Jesus uses the title “Son of Man” to affirm his humanity. But it is about to end with his willing sacrifice on a cross that reveals his divine glory. An act of complete obedience that glorifies the father. And then he’ll return to the father in his eternal glory. At the same time, Jesus’ death on the cross demonstrates the father’s love for humanity and how much he will sacrifice to redeem humanity from sin. The Apostle Paul further supports this idea.
And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross. Therefore God has highly exalted him and bestowed on him the name that is above every name, so that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father. (ESV, Philippians 2:8-11)
A Study of John 13:31-38 reveals a new commandment given by Jesus.
A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another: just as I have loved you, you also are to love one another. By this all people will know that you are my disciples, if you have love for one another.” (ESV, John 13:34-35)
Time is short and Jesus repeats something similar to what he told the Jews in 7:33-34. They would seek him, but where he was going they could not come. Notice that in 7:34 Jesus told the Jews they would seek him, but not find him. But in 13:33, he leaves out the “not find him.” Why? Because then as now, true believers will always find Jesus through the presence of the Holy Spirit.
Next Jesus declares a new commandment. To love one another so people know they are his disciples. And it remains today the expression that makes Christ-followers visibly distinct. However, this love is not the emotional feeling that characterizes western culture. The Greek word used for “love” in this passage is agapē and is not primarily an emotion, attraction, or feeling. But instead, represents a self-giving, sacrificial commitment that seeks the good of another according to God’s truth. It is not based on human affections but follows the example of Christ’s love. The one Jesus himself demonstrated toward the disciples. However, it’s not a new commandment like God had never said anything like it before.
You shall not take vengeance or bear a grudge against the sons of your own people, but you shall love your neighbor as yourself: I am the Lord. (ESV, Leviticus 19:18)
In other words, Christian love now goes beyond love for neighbor as yourself, but is love patterned after Christ himself.
A Study of John 13:31-38 reveals the good intentions of Peter.
Where I am going you cannot follow me now, but you will follow afterward.” Peter said to him, “Lord, why can I not follow you now? I will lay down my life for you.” (ESV, John 13:36-37)
Peter presses Jesus further about where he is going and Jesus amends his earlier statement. Peter can’t follow him now, but will follow him later. It is the promise that we also share. Believers in Jesus who are faithful disciples will also follow him into heaven when life on earth ends.
Then Peter, the impulsive disciple, expresses his good intentions like many of us today. Confident we will stand by Jesus no matter what. Peter insists he will lay down his life for Jesus. To which Jesus predicts Peter will deny him three times before the rooster crows in the morning. Of course, we know how this plays out. And it reminds us that good intentions are not enough. Faith involves both perseverance and courage as we face fears, testing, and trials. But find guidance in God’s Word, strength through prayer, and confidence in the hope of eternal life.
About Chip Tudor:
Chip Tudor is a Christian author, blogger and professional writer. He publishes books, humorous Christian drama, and thought provoking blogs from a Christian worldview.This blog is originally published here.
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A study of John 13:18-30 reveals Jesus’ chosen disciples, the progression of a hardening heart, and the final rejection of Jesus.
A study of John 13:18-30 reveals Jesus’ chosen disciples.
I am not speaking of all of you; I know whom I have chosen. But the Scripture will be fulfilled, ‘He who ate my bread has lifted his heel against me.’ (ESV, John 13:18)
The disciples gathered with Jesus at the Passover meal looked like a rag tag bunch of unlikely leaders, but they were individually chosen by Jesus. Including Judas who betrayed him. The scripture Jesus quotes is Psalm 41:9 which reads: Even my close friend in whom I trusted, who ate my bread, has lifted his heel against me.
This Psalm written by David conveys his emotional anquish of betrayal by a close, trusted friend. And it expresses the same painful rejection that Jesus feels in his betrayal by Judas. Chosen as one of his twelve inner disciples. Someone he trusted and poured his life into. But in the end, who personally handed him over to his enemies.
Judas knew Jesus at a level of closeness matched by only eleven other men. He lived and ministered with Jesus. Watched him perform amazing miracles, teach incredible sermons, live a sinless life, and still rejected him as the Son of God. Although by outward appearance, Judas was a loyal disciple. Only Jesus knew the truth. Because he saw directly into Judas’ heart where geniune belief in Jesus is formed. God’s direct gaze into a person’s heart is how he identifies true believers today as well.
A study of John 13:18-30 reveals the progression of a hardening heart.
Disciples grow in spiritual maturity as they strive to imitate Jesus and conform to his image. Likewise, unbelief and a hardened heart also advance over time. Although Judas’ betrayal is foretold, he still exercised a choice and is ultimately responsible for it. But let’s track his progression.
First there was unbelief. Despite the compelling evidence that Jesus was the Son of God, Judas did not believe in him as Jesus regularly called on people to do.
“However, there are some of you who do not believe.” For Jesus had known from the beginning which of them did not believe and who would betray Him. (ESV, John 6:64)
As that unbelief took hold, sinful behavior followed. Outwardly, Judas appeared to be a faithful disciple. But the sinful thoughts in his heart began to express themselves.
But one of His disciples, Judas Iscariot, who was going to betray Him, asked,” “Why wasn’t this perfume sold for three hundred denarii and the money given to the poor?” “Judas did not say this because he cared about the poor, but because he was a thief. As keeper of the money bag, he used to take from what was put into it.” (ESV, John 12:4-6)
The steady descent of sinful thoughts
Sin presents a constant spiritual battle for believers. In 2 Corinthians 10:5, Paul tells us to take our thoughts captive and in Philippians 4:8 to direct our minds towards pure, lovely and admirable thoughts. But even then, we still sin. So 1 John 1:9 says to regularly confess our sins and God will faithfully forgive and cleanse us from them. But for unbelievers, sinful thoughts collect and sink lower into moral corruption. As Judas allowed Satan’s influence to grow stronger his thoughts formed a conspiracy.
“The evening meal was underway, and the devil had already put into the heart of Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot, to betray Jesus.” (ESV, John 13:2)
Judas begins to actively plan the betrayal. He hasn’t fully committed to an action and can still turn back, but he’s on a precipice leaning forward.
Then one of the Twelve, the one called Judas Iscariot, went to the chief priests and asked, ‘What are you willing to give me if I hand Him over to you?’” So from then on Judas looked for an opportunity to betray Jesus. (ESV, Matthew 26:14-16)
Finally, Judas gives Satan complete control of his heart, makes his final decision, and moves forward to carry it out.
Then He dipped the morsel and gave it to Judas son of Simon Iscariot. And when Judas had taken the morsel, Satan entered into him. (ESV, John 13:26-27)
Belief and unbelief are both a choice everyone makes and we are individually responsible for our decision. The one that determines eternal outcomes.
A study of John 13:18-30 reveals the final rejection of Jesus.
After saying these things, Jesus was troubled in his spirit, and testified, “Truly, truly, I say to you, one of you will betray me.” (ESV, John 13:21)
Troubled in spirit, Jesus suddenly blurts out to his disciples that one of them will betray him. It causes an immediate reaction among them as they wonder who it is. Was Jesus signalling to Judas he knew it was him? Maybe as a final chance for Judas to confess and repent? Certainly, Jesus was carrying a heavy weight of emotional stress. In spite of it, Jesus feeds Judas a morsal of food. A final, loving gesture toward Judas who accepts the food, but returns no loving response.
It reminds us that God’s love is an ongoing offer along with the opportunity for repentance. But in V.27, Judas’ own internal conflict comes to a close.
Then after he had taken the morsel, Satan entered into him.
Satan moves beyond influence to complete control of Judas. And recognizing that Judas is completely lost, Jesus tells him to act quickly. So Judas leaves and John adds the words:
And it was night.
They appear to represent both a physical reality and a symbolic meaning. Judas went out at night time but also into spiritual darkness to betray Jesus. A similar idea is presented in chapter three when Nicodemus visited Jesus at night with questions that revealed his spiritual darkness. It tells us that when people give themselves over to evil, their hearts are darkened with sin. But God reveals himself to those who genuinely seek him.
About Chip Tudor:
Chip Tudor is a Christian author, blogger and professional writer. He publishes books, humorous Christian drama, and thought provoking blogs from a Christian worldview.This blog is originally published here.
A Family Friendly Funny Book
Family Stew is a warm, laugh-out-loud collection of stories on life in a middle-class, suburban Christian family. With a storyteller’s heart and a comedian’s timing, Tudor captures the messiness, chaos, and joy experienced when faith, parenting, and daily routines collide.
A study of John 12:20-36 reveals one truth from two opposites, a sacrifice for all mankind, and a spiritual lesson from light and darkness.
A study of John 12:20-36 reveals one truth from two opposites.
Whoever loves his life loses it, and whoever hates his life in this world will keep it for eternal life. If anyone serves me, he must follow me; and where I am there will my servant be also. If anyone serves me, the Father will honor him. (ESV, John 12:26-27)
During religious feasts like the Passover, both Jews and Greeks traveled to Jerusalem to celebrate it in the Jewish capital. In this passage, some Greeks approach Phillip and ask to see Jesus. The term “Greeks” in V.20 suggests they weren’t specifically from Greece, but Gentiles from a Greek speaking region. Possibly one close to Bethsaida where Phillip was from. And maybe they approached Phillip because he had a Gentile name and they felt a kinsmanship with him, even though he was a Jew.
Who were these Greeks that wanted to see Jesus?
They could have been proselytes who converted to Judaism, non-converts who feared God, or simply curious due to Jesus’ growing reputation. John doesn’t say. And Phillip seems unsure what to do. So he asks Andrew who takes him to ask Jesus. And the engagement we anticipate evaporates like a puff of smoke. Because instead, Jesus announces his time to be glorified has come and then he shares a metaphor.
I tell you the truth, unless a kernel of wheat falls to the ground and dies, it remains only a single seed. But if it dies, it produces many seeds. (ESV, John 12:24)
Looking back today, the metaphor makes sense. But probably didn’t to those at the time. Because Jesus was talking about his crucifixion, the resurrection, and the new spiritual life that would grow from his death. It would have a life producing, multiplying effect.
The lesson of love and hate
Jesus goes on to say those who love their life will lose it and those who hate their life will keep it for eternity. What does he mean by this?
His point is not about the two emotions, but on a loyalty they represent. People that love their life focus on themselves. It is the I in sin that also defines it. In contrast, Jesus teaches us to serve him by serving others. To look outward rather than inward. And he demonstrated it by washing the feet of the disciples during the last supper. It is the power of his indwelling Spirit that moves us beyond self-interest to demonstrating interest in others.
Truly, truly, I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls into the earth and dies, it remains alone; but if it dies, it bears much fruit. (ESV, John 12:24)
Jesus again alludes to his death. Just as a kernel of wheat germinates when it dies and grows to produces a crop, Jesus would also die. But his resurrection would produce a crop and therefore a spiritual harvest of people who through faith in him would gain eternal life.
A study of John 12:20-36 reveals a sacrifice for all mankind.
Now is my soul troubled. And what shall I say? ‘Father, save me from this hour? But for this purpose I have come to this hour. Father, glorify your name.” Then a voice came from heaven: “I have glorified it, and I will glorify it again.” (ESV, John 12:27-28)
Jesus pauses to express anxiety as he anticipates what is ahead. The Greek word for “troubled” is tarassō, which means to trouble, stir or agitate as to roil water. And he even mentions a potential rescue by his father. Like us, in his humanity, he considers “what if” regarding his choices. But then reasserts his commitment to carry out the father’s purpose to glorify his name. And a voice from heaven affirms Jesus is indeed, glorifying the father.
What does it mean for Jesus to be glorified?
The Greek word for “glorified” is doxazō, which means to be glorified, honored, exalted, and made manifestin splendor. In his Gospel, John means to honor, magnify and reveal greatness. And Jesus does this through obedience to the father in his sacrificial death on the cross and resurrection.
Jesus then speaks about his death with more detail and an additional meaning.
And I, when I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all people to myself.” He said this to show by what kind of death he was going to die. (ESV, John 12:32-33)
Two meanings for “lifted up from the earth.”
First, there is the physical act of lifting Jesus up on the cross. But there is also his ultimate exaltation to the right hand of God after his resurrection that will draw all people to him. By sacrificing himself for us and rising from the dead, Jesus defeated both sin and death. And through him we can too.
The Greek word for “draw” is hĕlkō, which literally means to drag, draw, pull, haul or compel by forceful movement. It’s used to describe Peter drawing his sword when Jesus is arrested and hauling in a catch of fish. In this context it is used figuratively to mean powerfully attracting people to Jesus in faith. The words “all people” doesn’t mean everyone will put their faith in Jesus. But to communicate the inclusivity of the Gospel. Jesus invites all mankind–Jew and Gentile–to compose the New Testament church.
John records Jesus speaking about this earlier in his Gospel.
“I have other sheep which are not of this fold. I must bring them also, and they will hear my voice. They will become one flock with one shepherd.” (ESV, John 10:16)
A study of John 12:20-36 reveals a spiritual lesson from light and darkness
So Jesus said to them, “The light is among you for a little while longer. Walk while you have the light, lest darkness overtake you. The one who walks in the darkness does not know where he is going. While you have the light, believe in the light, that you may become sons of light.” (ESV, John 12:35-36)
The people are confused when Jesus says he must be lifted up. It illustrates their misunderstanding about his real purpose as a sacrificial savior. And they express this misunderstanding.
We have heard from the Law that the Christ remains forever. How can you say that the Son of Man must be lifted up? Who is this Son of Man? (ESV, John 12:34)
In other words, the Messiah they expected was a conquering king who would establish an earthly kingdom and rule forever. However, the kingdom Jesus spoke of was spiritual rather than physical. But rather than accept this they questioned if Jesus was actually the one they expected. Perhaps the Son of Man, as he called himself, was someone completely different.
It once again illustrates the stubborness of human hearts. People fail to recognize who Jesus is because he doesn’t meet their expectations. So it is important that we study the scriptures and form expectations on what scripture reveals about the character of God, his purpose, and plan for the eternal order.
Light and Darkness
Light and darkness are common spiritual themes in John and throughout the New Testament. And here it includes a warning of future judgment. Perhaps in a modern, hip paraphrase, Jesus might say, “Wake up people and open your eyes! The light is right before you. It’s me.”
The Greek word for “overtake” is katalambanō, which means to take eagerly, seize, and possess. For us, sunset represents a gradual descent of the sun as darkness overtakes the earth. But when Jesus is gone, the darkness will be immediate and overwhelming. Perhaps the idea of being seized and possessed by it better describes a spiritual reality without God’s illumination. So don’t let darkness seize you. Instead, seize the moment, believe in Jesus, and become sons of light. Or as John says in his first chapter.
But to all who did receive him, who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God. (ESV, John 1:12)
About Chip Tudor:
Chip Tudor is a Christian author, blogger and professional writer. He publishes books, humorous Christian drama, and thought provoking blogs from a Christian worldview.This blog is originally published here.
A Family Friendly Funny Book
Family Stew is a warm, laugh-out-loud collection of stories on life in a middle-class, suburban Christian family. With a storyteller’s heart and a comedian’s timing, Tudor captures the messiness, chaos, and joy experienced when faith, parenting, and daily routines collide.
A study of John 12:12-19 reveals Jesus’ triumphant entry, a messianic rather than military procession, and desperation when power is threatened.
A study of John 12:12-19 reveals Jesus’ triumphant entry.
The next day the large crowd that had come to the feast heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem. So they took branches of palm trees and went out to meet him, crying out, “Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord, even the King of Israel! (ESV, John 12:12-13)
After Jesus raised Lazarus from the dead and the two shared a dinner together, excitement stirred among the people. But groups were still divided in their response. Many were eager to see and consider following Jesus, but the Jewish leaders rejected him. They were full of jealousy, hatred, and feared for their positions of power. And they wanted to kill him.
When it became known Jesus was heading to Jerusalem, an excited crowd went out to meet him carrying palm branches. Matthew 21:8 describes it this way. Most of the crowd spread their cloaks on the road, and others cut branches from the trees and spread them on the road. In addition, the people cried, “Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord, even the King of Israel!”
The significance of palm branches
Palm branches had an Old Testament history too. They were used in Israel’s worship as recorded in Leviticus 23:40
And you shall take on the first day the fruit of splendid trees, branches of palm trees and boughs of leafy trees and willows of the brook, and you shall rejoice before the Lord your God seven days. (ESV, Leviticus 23:40)
Palm branches were used as an expression of joy before God and celebrated his provision and deliverance. And they further symbolized a theme of salvation, not just politics.
A study of John 12:12-19 reveals a messianic rather than military procession.
Fear not, daughter of Zion; behold, your king is coming, sitting on a donkey’s colt!” (ESV, John 12:15)
Following victorius battles, Roman generals often entered cities in a military procession displaying their spoils of war. Usually riding in a chariot or on a war horse to project dominance and power. As the people of the city watched, they often joined in with shouts of celebration. But John descibes Jesus as entering in a different manner as prophesied by Zechariah.
Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion! Shout aloud, O daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your king is coming to you; righteous and having salvation is he, humble and mounted on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey. (ESV, Zechariah 9:9)
In contrast to Roman generals who projected dominating power, Jesus’ entrance was marked by righteousness and salvation. And his manner demonstrated humility. He projected both his godly character and spiritual intentions.
Furthermore, the proclamation of the crowd recorded by John is also found in Old Testament scripture.
O LORD, save us, we pray…Blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD. (ESV, Psalm 118:25–26)
The psalm was sung during pilgrimage feasts like the Passover. And it includes the imagery of a procession toward the temple in anticipation of a coming deliverer and sacrifice. In other words, the crowd unknowingly participated in a messianic procession symbolizing the savior’s sacrifice. But missed it because they expected a savior that delivered them from Roman oppression, not sin. And a physical, earthly king rather than a spiritual, heavenly one.
A study of John 12:12-19 reveals desperation when power is threatened.
The reason why the crowd went to meet him was that they heard he had done this sign. So the Pharisees said to one another, “You see that you are gaining nothing. Look, the world has gone after him.” (ESV, John 12:18-19)
The news about Lazarus spread rapidly among the people for a simple reason. As John records, the people who saw Jesus raise Lazarus from the grave continued to bear witness to the event. The excitement, enthusiasm, and curiosity it sparked attracted a large crowd of people to meet Jesus on his way into Jerusalem. In similar fashion, the testimony of believers today continues to draw people to Jesus. But sharing often takes courage.
Because now like then, a hostile crowd seeks to silence voices that proclaim Jesus. And see him as a threat to their lifestyle rather than savior from their sin. The Pharisees exemplify closed minds and hard hearts as they declare in V.19, “You see that you are gaining nothing. Look, the world has gone after him.”
The Pharisees’ determination to protect their power would result in desperate measures as future events demonstrate. But then, many of the crowd that goes out to meet him quickly turns on him too when he fails to meet their expectations.
About Chip Tudor:
Chip Tudor is a Christian author, blogger and professional writer. He publishes books, humorous Christian drama, and thought provoking blogs from a Christian worldview.This blog is originally published here.
A Family Friendly Funny Book
Family Stew is a warm, laugh-out-loud collection of stories on life in a middle-class, suburban Christian family. With a storyteller’s heart and a comedian’s timing, Tudor captures the messiness, chaos, and joy experienced when faith, parenting, and daily routines collide.
A study of John 11:45-57 reveals a divide between belief and unbelief, prophecy from a non-believer, and a cautious Savior as he completes his mission.
A study of John 11:45-57 reveals a divide between belief and unbelief.
Many of the Jews therefore, who had come with Mary and had seen what he did, believed in him, but some of them went to the Pharisees and told them what Jesus had done. (ESV, John 11:45-46)
After Jesus raises Lazarus from the dead the people who witnessed the miracle are spiritually divided. Some believe in Jesus but others go to the Pharisees to report the event. They knew the religious establishment wanted to arrest him and would want to know about such a spectacular miracle.
The Greek word for “believed” is pistĕuō, which means to put trust in, have faith in, entrust one’s spiritual well-being, commit to. John doesn’t comment on the genuineness of these believers in their faith. But the way he positions thems against those who reported to the Pharisees suggests the reporters are delivering intel on the enemy. Raising Lazarus from the dead was an awesome disply of God’s power. And yet, people hardened their hearts toward Jesus.
We see the same divide between belief and unbelief today. Along with the hostility toward Jesus and his followers. It’s why Jesus warns us to beware of a sinful and often hostile world.
Behold, I am sending you out as sheep in the midst of wolves, so be wise as serpents and innocent as doves. (ESV, Matthew 10:16)
A study of John 11:45-57 reveals prophecy from a non-believer
Then the chief priests and the Pharisees called a meeting of the Sanhedrin. “What are we accomplishing?” they asked.(ESV, John 11:47)
The Sanhedrin was the Jewish ruling council during the time of Jesus. It operated as a religious, judicial, and political authority under Roman rule. It included 70 members made up of chief priests, pharisees, and scribes led by the high priest. And they met to discuss the problem posed by Jesus. The first thing to note is they don’t deny that Jesus performed miracles.
Here is this man performing many signs.
They acknowledged the power of God in his miracles, but they hardened their hearts against Jesus as the Son of God.
The motive for seeking Jesus’ death.
If we let him go on like this, everyone will believe in him, and then the Romans will come and take away both our temple and our nation.
Jesus’ popularity was growing and their influence declining. And the religious leaders worried Jesus might spark a messianic movement. In that case Rome would certainly crush it, but they might be replaced in the process. Then Caiphas, the high priest, prophesizes on two levels.
You know nothing at all. Nor do you understand that it is better for you that one man should die for the people, not that the whole nation should perish. (ESV, John 11:49-50)
Humanly speaking, Caiphas makes a cold, calculated statement. Jesus must die to protect the people of Israel and preserve their power. But his words also proclaim the gospel.
And not only for that nation but also for the scattered children of God, to bring them together and make them one. (ESV, John 11:52)
John points out that Caiphas prophesied without realizing the spiritual depth to his words. Jesus would die for the nation of Israel and the entire world. But not because the Sanhedrin conspired to bring it about. He was obeying the father and sacrificing himself for the sins of the world.
A study of John 11:45-57 reveals a cautious savior as he completes his mission.
So from that day on they plotted to take his life.Jesus therefore no longer walked openly among the Jews, but went from there to the region near the wilderness, to a town called Ephraim, and there he stayed with the disciples. (ESV, John 11:53-54)
The Greek word for “plotted” is ebouleusanto and actually means resolved. In other words, the Sanhedrin agreed Jesus must die. Now to formulate a plan and execute it. And like cutting to the next scene in a movie, the biblical text jumps to where Jesus makes a decision. Rather than appearing openly in Judea he moves to the remote village of Ephraim with his disciples to make sure all goes according to the father’s will.
The Passover celebration was approaching. And the Jewish religious leaders anticipated Jesus making a public appearance. So they ordered the people to alert them if they saw him.
About Chip Tudor:
Chip Tudor is a Christian author, blogger and professional writer. He publishes books, humorous Christian drama, and thought provoking blogs from a Christian worldview.This blog is originally published here.
A Family Friendly Funny Book
Family Stew is a warm, laugh-out-loud collection of stories on life in a middle-class, suburban Christian family. With a storyteller’s heart and a comedian’s timing, Tudor captures the messiness, chaos, and joy experienced when faith, parenting, and daily routines collide.
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