A study of John 12:12-19 reveals Jesus’ triumphant entry, a messianic rather than military procession, and desperation when power is threatened.
A study of John 12:12-19 reveals Jesus’ triumphant entry.
The next day the large crowd that had come to the feast heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem. So they took branches of palm trees and went out to meet him, crying out, “Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord, even the King of Israel! (ESV, John 12:12-13)
After Jesus raised Lazarus from the dead and the two shared a dinner together, excitement stirred among the people. But groups were still divided in their response. Many were eager to see and consider following Jesus, but the Jewish leaders rejected him. They were full of jealousy, hatred, and feared for their positions of power. And they wanted to kill him.
When it became known Jesus was heading to Jerusalem, an excited crowd went out to meet him carrying palm branches. Matthew 21:8 describes it this way. Most of the crowd spread their cloaks on the road, and others cut branches from the trees and spread them on the road. In addition, the people cried, “Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord, even the King of Israel!”
The significance of palm branches
Palm branches had an Old Testament history too. They were used in Israel’s worship as recorded in Leviticus 23:40
And you shall take on the first day the fruit of splendid trees, branches of palm trees and boughs of leafy trees and willows of the brook, and you shall rejoice before the Lord your God seven days. (ESV, Leviticus 23:40)
Palm branches were used as an expression of joy before God and celebrated his provision and deliverance. And they further symbolized a theme of salvation, not just politics.
A study of John 12:12-19 reveals a messianic rather than military procession.
Fear not, daughter of Zion; behold, your king is coming, sitting on a donkey’s colt!” (ESV, John 12:15)
Following victorius battles, Roman generals often entered cities in a military procession displaying their spoils of war. Usually riding in a chariot or on a war horse to project dominance and power. As the people of the city watched, they often joined in with shouts of celebration. But John descibes Jesus as entering in a different manner as prophesied by Zechariah.
Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion! Shout aloud, O daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your king is coming to you; righteous and having salvation is he, humble and mounted on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey. (ESV, Zechariah 9:9)
In contrast to Roman generals who projected dominating power, Jesus’ entrance was marked by righteousness and salvation. And his manner demonstrated humility. He projected both his godly character and spiritual intentions.
Furthermore, the proclamation of the crowd recorded by John is also found in Old Testament scripture.
O LORD, save us, we pray…Blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD. (ESV, Psalm 118:25–26)
The psalm was sung during pilgrimage feasts like the Passover. And it includes the imagery of a procession toward the temple in anticipation of a coming deliverer and sacrifice. In other words, the crowd unknowingly participated in a messianic procession symbolizing the savior’s sacrifice. But missed it because they expected a savior that delivered them from Roman oppression, not sin. And a physical, earthly king rather than a spiritual, heavenly one.
A study of John 12:12-19 reveals desperation when power is threatened.
The reason why the crowd went to meet him was that they heard he had done this sign. So the Pharisees said to one another, “You see that you are gaining nothing. Look, the world has gone after him.” (ESV, John 12:18-19)
The news about Lazarus spread rapidly among the people for a simple reason. As John records, the people who saw Jesus raise Lazarus from the grave continued to bear witness to the event. The excitement, enthusiasm, and curiosity it sparked attracted a large crowd of people to meet Jesus on his way into Jerusalem. In similar fashion, the testimony of believers today continues to draw people to Jesus. But sharing often takes courage.
Because now like then, a hostile crowd seeks to silence voices that proclaim Jesus. And see him as a threat to their lifestyle rather than savior from their sin. The Pharisees exemplify closed minds and hard hearts as they declare in V.19, “You see that you are gaining nothing. Look, the world has gone after him.”
The Pharisees’ determination to protect their power would result in desperate measures as future events demonstrate. But then, many of the crowd that goes out to meet him quickly turns on him too when he fails to meet their expectations.
About Chip Tudor:
Chip Tudor is a Christian author, blogger and professional writer. He publishes books, humorous Christian drama, and thought provoking blogs from a Christian worldview. This blog is originally published here.
A Family Friendly Funny Book
Family Stew is a warm, laugh-out-loud collection of stories on life in a middle-class, suburban Christian family. With a storyteller’s heart and a comedian’s timing, Tudor captures the messiness, chaos, and joy experienced when faith, parenting, and daily routines collide.
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