A study of John 2:13-25 shows Jesus’ zeal for true worship, his authority as the Son of God, and vision into the heart of mankind.
A study of John 2:13–25 shows Jesus’ zeal for true worship
And making a whip of cords, he drove them all out of the temple. His disciples remembered that it was written, ‘Zeal for your house will consume me.’” (ESV, John 2:15,17)
What does true worship look like? A full room with hands lifted up? A driving beat in worship music? Three point sermon with bulleted practical application?
Jesus had a genuine, religious zeal for the house of God. And he demonstrates it in this passage through righteous anger. But what set Jesus off? To understand, let’s begin with the Jewish temple design.
It was composed of courts that moved from outside to inside. Each with a restricted level of access.
The Court of the Gentiles: Open to everyone, includingnon-Jews
The Court of Women: Jewish men and women
The Court of Israel: Only Jewish men
The Court of Priests: Only Levitical priests
The Holy Place: Only priests during scheduled service
The Most Holy Place (Holy of Holies)Only theHigh Priest, once a year on the Day of Atonement
In V. 16, Jesus said, “Do not make my Father’s house a house of trade.”What did Jesus mean by this?
The Mosaic Law, required worshipers to offer animals without blemish for temple sacrifice. But animals from outside the temple were often rejected by temple inspectors. So, people purchased pre-approved animals from temple vendors at inflated prices. Furthermore, Roman currency was exchanged for temple currency with another high markup.
And all of these enterprises were set up for business in the Court of the Gentiles. An area of worship for Gentiles seeking the one true God. So, the problem was not that vendors themselves were dishonest. But that commercial enterprise supplanted worship. And this is what set Jesus off in righteous anger.
A study of John 2:13-25 shows Jesus’ authority as the Son of God
Jesus answered them, “Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up.” (ESV, John 2:19)
Fashioning a whip from ropes, Jesus drove the animals along with merchants from the Court. And he over turned the money changer tables. The temple authorities responded indignantly. Who did Jesus think he was? And they demanded a sign. Why? Because they cared about Jesus’ divinity? No. But to challenge his authority. In other words, “We’re in charge here. Who gives you the right to supersede our authority?”
Jesus’ prophetic answer points to himself as the Messiah. He would die on a cross and resurrect three days later. And if the religious leaders knew the scriptures and were truly looking for the Son of God, they might have understood. And maybe recognized his actions demonstrated the words of Psalm 69:9.
A study of John 2:13-25 shows Jesus’ vision into the heart of mankind.
Many believed in his name when they saw the signs that he was doing. But Jesus on his part did not entrust himself to them, because he knew all people. (ESV, John 2:23-24)
Many people believed in Jesus because of his miracles. And while it’s a good start, it won’t last for long term discipleship. Because genuine faith is tested and refined over time. Deepened, strengthened, and proven by the rigors of life. Jesus knew this. And he taught about it in the parable of the sower in Matthew 13:1-9.
But as the Son of God, he also had the divine vision David wrote about it in Psalm 139. And God affirms in 1 Samuel 16:7.
For the Lord sees not as man sees: man looks on the outward appearance, but the Lord looks on the heart.
Therefore, Jesus did not entrust himself to superficial faith. Perhaps that’s why he often spoke in parables. And avoided public claims he was the Messiah. He was side stepping Roman politics and carefully building the spiritual kingdom of God.
About Chip Tudor:
Chip Tudor is an author, blogger and professional writer. He publishes books, humorous Christian drama, and thought provoking blogs from a Christian worldview.This blog is originally published here.
Looking for a small group Bible Study?
This four week study dives directly into God’s word. It includes an individual study with an exegetical approach that examines word meaning, provides background information, and thought provoking questions for reflection and journaling, Furthermore, a weekly, group study guide promotes a lively group discussion around other scripture references, personal stories, and life experiences that help apply scriptural truth to life.
A study of John 2:1-12 shows God’s concern about small problems, how Jesus honored his earthly mother, glorified God, and deepened the belief of his disciples.
A study of John 2:1-12 shows God’s concern about small problems.
When the wine ran out, the mother of Jesus said to him, “They have no wine.” (ESV, John 2:3)
Does God care when our car has a flat tire? We suffer an ingrown toenail? Lose our cell phone? We hesitate to inconvenience God for these small problems since he has such bigger concerns in managing the entire universe.
But it didn’t stop his human mother, Mary, from presenting a small problem. Her comment to Jesus they were out of wine carried an implied plea for help.
Jesus was attending a wedding in the town of Cana in Galilee near his hometown of Nazareth along with his five new disciples. The wedding couple are not named, but we can speculate likely relatives or close friends. And Mary was responsible for helping in some manner.
Joseph isn’t mentioned, which suggests Mary is a widow. And as the oldest son, Jesus now financially supported the family as a carpenter. He hadn’t performed any miracles yet, so we shouldn’t assume Mary expected one. But probably leaned on Jesus as the male leader in the home to address the problem.
It wasn’t a global disaster, but represented an embarrassing, social disaster for the wedding family. Is that serious enough for God’s attention? Mary thought so.
A study of John 2:1-12 shows how Jesus honored his earthly mother.
And Jesus said to her, “Woman, what does this have to do with me? My hour has not yet come. (ESV, John 2:4)
The Greek word for “woman” is gynai which means woman or wife. It was not inherently, disrespectful, but culturally used in a manner similar to the way we use “ma’am” today. Polite, but a bit more formal than “Mom.” And the same word Jesus used from the cross in John 19:26-27 when when he assigned the parental care of Mary to John the Apostle.
Jesus could have used the Greek word mētēr which also means mother and conveys the biological and relational closeness of Mary as his earthly mother.
So why not?
Jesus’ gentle rebuke to Mary suggests a reason. First, he was no longer a boy under her authority, but a man. Not just her son, but the Son of God. And second, his messianic mission must take priority over his earthly responsibilities. Their relationship was therefore now subject to that mission. As a sinner, Mary had to relate to him as Savior, just like we do today. Believe on him as the Son of God by faith and follow him as a disciple.
Luke 2:41-51 presents another story of Jesus’ relationship with his parents as a boy. On a family trip to Jerusalem when he was twelve, his parents accidently left him behind as they left for home. When they realized he wasn’t with anyone in the family, they returned to Jerusalem and found him in the temple listening to and interacting with the teachers. His answer to their parental rebuke was probably, surprisingly unexpected.
And he said to them, “Why were you looking for me? Did you not know that I must be in my Father’s house? (ESV, John 2:49)
Even at the age of twelve, Jesus clearly recognizes himself as the Son of God. It makes the next verse even more astounding.
And he went down with them and came to Nazareth and was submissive to them. And his mother treasured up all these things in her heart. (ESV, Luke 2:51).
Jesus as the perfect, Son of God, was submissive to his imperfect, human parents. Therefore, it’s no surprise he honored his human mother with her problem. But he did so in a spectacular, miraculous manner that only he could pull off.
A study of John 2:1-12 shows Jesus glorified God and deepened the belief of his disciples.
This, the first of his signs, Jesus did at Cana in Galilee, and manifested his glory. And his disciples believed in him. (ESV, John 2:11)
There were six large pots for water that each held 20-30 gallons. And Jesus instructed servants to fill them all to the brim with water and then draw some out for the master of the feast to taste. Somewhere between the filling with water to the taste test, it turned into wine. And not the cheap stuff you expect after taste buds dull, but the best for last.
Imagine the surprise from both the servants and the disciples!
But it more than a favor for Mary. And even honoring her as his mother. It was a miraculous sign that he was the Messiah. A purposeful act that revealed his divine nature and glimpse of his glory as the incarnate Son of God.
There were miracles to come that would be more spectacular and before large crowds. This one was seen by only a handful of people. But for those–especially his disciples–it was significant because it deepened their belief in him. And today, those who are paying attention can also see, believe in, and respond to Jesus as Savior and Lord. The incarnate Son of God.
About Chip Tudor:
Chip Tudor is an author, blogger and professional writer. He publishes books, humorous Christian drama, and thought provoking blogs from a Christian worldview.This blog is originally published here.
Check Out My Author Interview
I recently appeared as a guest author to discuss my Christian detective novel Finding Grace on the website of Deena Adams, a fellow Christian author and editor. Here’s a link if you’d like to check it out.
A study of John 1:43-51 shows the importance of relationships in discipleship, spending time with Jesus, and spiritual discernment.
A study of John 1:43-51 shows the importance of relationships in discipleship
Immediately after becoming a disciple of Jesus, Andrew took his brother Simon to meet him. And likewise, when Phillip became a disciple of Jesus, he invited his friend Nathaniel to meet him too.
We have found him of whom Moses in the Law and also the prophets wrote, Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph. (ESV, John 1:45)
But Nathaniel expressed a social bias that made him harder to convince.
“Can anything good come out of Nazareth?”
Nazareth was a rural village in lower Galilee. Small and insignificant. And its residents likely considered country bumpkins compared to cool cities like Jerusalem. Perhaps, Nathaniel would have responded differently if Philip associated Jesus with his birthplace, Bethlehem. Its royal ties as the city of David would have raised Jesus’ social standing.
But we are not so different today. And quick to form unmerited biases toward other people that pridefully make us feel superior.
However, Phillip was not detered and responded simply, “Come and see.”
This illustrates another truth. Discipleship begins and is built on relationships. Inviting others to meet Jesus and then walking together as followers. It leans on the influence of one godly life rubbing off on another.
A study of John 1:43-51 shows the importance of spending time with Jesus.
When Andrew and his fellow disciple of John the Baptist asked Jesus where he was staying, Jesus invited them to “Come and see.” The same words Phillip used in responding to Nathaniel’s objection. In each case, Andrew and Nathaniel became followers simply by spending time with Jesus. Today, it is still the presence of Jesus that radically transforms every disciple.
And we should note it is not our job as disciple makers to “sell” Jesus. It is the Holy Spirit who draws people to Jesus and convicts them of their sin. Our role is to provide a Gospel witness and invite others to meet Jesus. Of course, we should know what and how to share in a compelling manner. But it is the Holy Spirit and the abiding presence of Jesus Christ that produces disciples.
Furthermore, every disciple should make spending regular time with Jesus a priority through reading God’s word. Because spiritual transformation is an ongoing pursuit of growing more Christ-like. And involves the mutual, support, encouragement, and accountability of walking with other believers.
A study of John 1:43-51 shows the importance of spiritual discernment.
There’s a stark contrast between how Jesus and Nathaniel assess one another. Before they meet Nathaniel utters a put down on Jesus based on his home town. But when they meet, Jesus declares a positive affirmation about Nathaniel.
“Behold, an Israelite indeed, in whom there is no deceit!”
An astute observation or a divine peak into Nathaniel’s heart? Maybe both. Nathaniel appeared startled by the spontaneous assessment. And his own biased assertion next to Jesus’ compliment may have also been convicting. How could Jesus know him so intimately when they had never met before? When Nathaniel asked, Jesus explained he saw Nathaniel under a fig tree.
Seems like an odd and evasive answer. What did Jesus mean by it?
The shade provided by broad leafed fig trees made them a popular respite from the hot sun. But they also carried a symbolic meaning in Jewish culture. Mentioned in both 1 Kings 4:25 and Micah 4:4, they were considered a place of prayer, meditation, and communion with God. Of course, the divine Jesus could see inside Nathaniel’s heart. And yet, something observable about Nathaniel’s body language also provided clues.
It reminds us that God sees everything in our heart. Sinful desires. Selfish motivations. And evil intentions. Therefore, we should be honest before God and quick to confess our sins. Furthermore, while our default is to grant others the benefit of the doubt, we should exercise spiritual discernment by observing righteous behavior.
About Chip Tudor:
Chip Tudor is an author, blogger and professional writer. He publishes books, humorous Christian drama, and thought provoking blogs from a Christian worldview.This blog is originally published here.
Looking for a small group Bible Study?
This four week study dives directly into God’s word. It includes an individual study with an exegetical approach that examines word meaning, provides background information, and thought provoking questions for reflection and journaling, And a weekly, group study guide that promotes a lively group discussion around other scripture references, personal stories, and life experiences that help apply scriptural truth to life.
A Study of John 1:29-42 presents the public identification of Jesus, how he is recognized as the Messiah, and John the Baptist’s descending and Jesus’ ascending ministry.
A Study of John 1:29-42 presents the public identification of Jesus
The next day John saw Jesus coming toward him, and said, “Behold! The Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world! (ESV, John 1:29)
John 1:1-14 is a biography of Jesus that begins in Genesis. It tells us he already existed at the time of creation, so he is God. But more specifically, he is the second person of the trinity, God the Son and agent of creation. He lived among us as God in human form, and yet, many people failed to recognize him. But those who did and received him became adopted children of God.
Wow! A lot of divine revelation in a few verses. And now, John the Baptist publicly identifies him and announces his mission. To save the world from sin.
The role of sacrificial lambs
The Mosaic law involved a complex system of sacrifice that included sacrificial lambs. Especially used for the atonement of sin.
For the life of the flesh is in the blood, and I have given it for you on the altar to make atonement for your souls, for it is the blood that makes atonement by the life. (ESV, Leviticus 17:11)
Sacrificial lambs were considered innocent and had to be unblemished for moral purity. They were a temporary, not a permanent fix. And regularly offered because they covered sin rather than eliminate it. The Greek word for “takes away” is airō, which means takes away, to bear, and remove. In other words, Jesus’ sacrifice is a permanent solution. It removes the sin of the “world.” And the Greek word Kosmos means all of humanity–past, present, and future.
A Study of John 1:29-42 presents how Jesus is the recognized Messiah
And John bore witness, saying, “I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove, and He remained upon Him. I did not know Him, but He who sent me to baptize with water said to me, ‘Upon whom you see the Spirit descending, and remaining on Him, this is He who baptizes with the Holy Spirit.’ And I have seen and testified that this is the Son of God.” (ESV, John 1:32-34)
John the Baptist’s role was not to just pave the way for Jesus, but to publicly identify him. However, John must firm confirm Jesus is the one he is expecting.
Throughout scripture God uses signs to authenticate, confirm, and reveal his redemptive plan. The miracles Jesus performed were signs of his divinity. And God gave John the Baptist a sign for recognizing the Messiah–he would see the Holy Spirit descend on him like a dove.
Matthew 3:13-17 and Luke 3:21-22 both record Jesus presenting himself to John the Baptist for baptism. And as Jesus exits the water, the heavens open and the Holy Spirit descends on him like a dove. Furthermore, a voice declares, “This is my beloved Son with whom I am well pleased.” The event confirms the prophecies in Isaiah 11:2, 42:1 and 61:1. And now, John the Baptist bears witness that Jesus fulfills all the expectations and is the Son of God.
A Study of John 1:29-42 presents John the Baptist’s descending and Jesus’ ascending ministry
Again, the next day, John stood with two of his disciples. And looking at Jesus as He walked, he said, “Behold the Lamb of God! (ESV, John 1:35-36)
John the Baptist enthusiastically pointed to Jesus over himself. And humbly claimed he was unworthy to even untie Jesus’ sandals. In modern terms, John the Baptist was the warm up act and Jesus the main event. John’s spotlight on Jesus included encouraging his own disciples to follow Jesus instead of him. And in this passage two make that switch. One who is identified as Andrew.
The two disciples seem tentative as they follow Jesus. So Jesus stops and asked them a question. “What are you seeking?” The Greek word for “seeking” is zēteite and means to seek, desire, strive for, aim at, and endeavor to obtain. It’s more than a casual, “What’s up, Dude?” And even, “What’s your five year plan?” But probes into their hearts. What deeper meanings in life are you searching for? When it comes to Jesus, it’s a good question for us all to reflect on. Because Jesus is the answer.
Perhaps they were caught off guard because their response was superficial. “Where are you staying? Jesus simply responds, “Come and see” which they do. And while we don’t know what their time together involved, Andrew clearly found the answers he sought. Because the next day he takes his brother, Simon, to meet Jesus. And rather than a question, Jesus makes a statement. He will call Simon by a new name. Peter. The rock.
About Chip Tudor:
Chip Tudor is an author, blogger and professional writer. He publishes books, humorous Christian drama, and thought provoking blogs from a Christian worldview.This blog is originally published here.
Looking for a small group Bible Study?
This four week study dives directly into God’s word. It includes an individual study with an exegetical approach that examines word meaning, provides background information, and thought provoking questions for reflection and journaling, And a weekly, group study guide that promotes a lively group discussion around other scripture references, personal stories, and life experiences that help apply scriptural truth to life.
How Hezekiah beat Sennacherib. It was around 701 BC that Sennacherib, king of Assyria, sent his army to capture Jerusalem. Everything was in his favor. A big army. Well equipped soldiers. Advanced weapons of war. And Jerusalem’s King Hezekiah had only one defense. Here’s his story.
How Hezekiah beat Sennacherib. An arrogant boast.
Beware lest Hezekiah mislead you by saying, “The Lord will deliver us.” Has any of the gods of the nations delivered his land out of the hand of the king of Assyria? (ESV, Isaiah 36:18)
Assyria controlled a large territory across the Ancient Near East, had already conquered most of Judah, and now besieged Jerusalem. City residents helplessly and wordlessly sat on top of the surrounding wall watching the Assyrian army’s commander strut before them on the ground below.
Arrogance dripped from his tongue as he ridiculed their weakness compared to his strength. And challenged their God to save them. No gods of any other nation had prevailed against him. What made them think their God could? Surrender and he would let them live. But the people remained silent as instructed by King Hezekiah.
How Hezekiah beat Sennacherib. A humble response.
As soon as King Hezekiah heard it, he tore his clothes and covered himself with sackcloth and went into the house of the Lord. (ESV, Isaiah 37:1)
When Hezekiah heard the report he sought refuge in the house of the Lord. And then appealed to the prophet Isaiah for spiritual counsel.
It is a good example for us to follow when life explodes beyond our control. Don’t immediately panic, but turn our thoughts and attention to God. And seek the prayers and counsel of Godly people. Isaiah assured Hezekiah that God would intervene. And immediately, the Assyrian army commander heard a rumor that caused him to return to Assyria.
Where is your help?
We all have moments like this. Struggles against the sudden and unexpected. Like an illness or injury. Lack of money to pay bills. An adversary that holds all the cards. And prayer is the only remaining recourse. But it seems so passive. Like admitting defeat and throwing up a hail Mary. When the complete opposite is true.
Because it is in our weakness that God most often demonstrates his strength and power. Our dependence is to his glory when we trust him and exercise faith.
How Hezekiah beat Sennacherib. Isaiah speaks God’s Word.
Do not let your God in whom you trust deceive you by promising that Jerusalem will not be given into the hand of the king of Assyria. Behold, you have heard what the kings of Assyria have done to all lands, devoting them to destruction. And shall you be delivered? (ESV, Isaiah 37:10-11)
It was a short repreive, but Sennacherib was not done. He sent another messenger to repeat his threat. And Hezekiah retreated again to the house of the Lord. Only this time, he prayed to God himself. Asking for God’s deliverance, but also, that God’s name was glorified.
It illustrates God’s accessibility when we humble ourselves and seek him in prayer. But it shouldn’t be just about us. We should also strive to magnify the Lords’ name. And recognize that he responds according to his sovereign will.
Once again, Isaiah provides God’s answer to Hezekiah only this time, God’s words are directed to Sennacherib.
Whom have you mocked and reviled? Against whom have you raised your voice and lifted your eyes to the heights? Against the Holy One of Israel! Because you have raged against me and your complacency has come to my ears, I will put my hook in your nose and my bit in your mouth, and I will turn you back on the way by which you came. (ESV, Isaiah 37:23,29)
How Hezekiah beat Sennacherib. God delivers Hezekiah and dispenses justice to Sennacherib.
For I will defend this city to save it, for my own sake and for the sake of my servant David. (ESV, Isaiah 37:35)
During the night, the angel of the LORD struck down 185,000 from the Assyrian army. Sennacherib returned home and while worshipping his god Nisroch was murdered by his own two sons. God’s justice was carried out. Unfortunately, we often see injustice flourish and the innocent suffer. But this story reminds us that no one gets away with anything. A time is coming when we all appear before God for a final judgment.
In addition, this story illustrates another important story of grace. As Hezekiah and Jerusalem were helpless before King Sennacherib and the Assyrian empire, we are helpless before sin and Satan. God alone saves us through Jesus Christ. The Son of God who intercedes, defends, and saves for eternity all who call on his name.
About Chip Tudor:
Chip Tudor is an author, blogger and professional writer. He publishes books, humorous Christian drama, and thought provoking blogs from a Christian worldview.This blog is originally published here.
Looking for a small group Bible Study?
This four week study dives directly into God’s word. It includes an individual study with an exegetical approach that examines word meaning, provides background information, and thought provoking questions for reflection and journaling, And a weekly, group study guide that promotes a lively group discussion around other scripture references, personal stories, and life experiences that help apply scriptural truth to life.
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